COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness
(Randomized evidence)
Analyses are updated every Friday
Variants of concern
Vaccine types
Overall results (Last update:2021-10-22)
- Forest plots (last update: 2021-10-21)
- Studies included
- Forest plots (last update: 2021-10-15)
- Studies included
- Forest plots (last update: 2021-10-21)
- Studies included
- Forest plots (last update: 2021-10-21)
- Studies included
- BNT/ChA-28 vs BNT/BNT-28 - Forest plots (last update: 2021-08-11)
- BNT162b2 primed with ChAdOx1-S vs No vaccine - Forest plots (last update: 2021-08-11)
- ChAd/BNT-28 vs ChAd/ChAd-28 - Forest plots (last update: 2021-08-11)
RNA based vaccine
Non replicating viral vector
Inactivated virus
Protein subunit
Heterologous
| Trial | Type | Comparisons | Design | Participants | Sample size | Overall risk of bias Highest assessment |
Full description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention 1 | Intervention 2 | |||||||
|
NCT04649151 ModernaTX Ali K, N Engl J Med, 2021 Full text Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
mRNA-1273 |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 2-3 | Healthy adolescents in 26 centers in the USA | N=3732 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
EudraCT 2021-002348-57 Pfizer–BioNTech; Moderna; Oxford-AstraZeneca Bonelli M, medRxiv, 2021 Full text Commentary Commentary |
Non replicating viral vector |
ChAdOx1 booster |
BNT or mRNA booster |
RCT* | Adults under current rituximab therapy who did not develop humoral response against SARS-CoV-2 after their standard vaccination with Biontech/Pfizer or Moderna in a single center in Austria | N=60 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04860739, EudraCT2021-001978-37 Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma Borobia A M, Lancet, 2021 Full text Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
ChAd/BNT |
No vaccine |
RCTPhase 2 | Healthy, or clinically stable, adults (aged ≥18 and ≤60) that were SARS-COV-2 infection free and who had received a prime ChAdOx1-S vaccination between 8 and 12 weeks before the screening visit in 5 centers in Spain. | N=676 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04470427 ModernaTX El Sahly HM, N Engl J Med, 2021 COVE Full text Full text Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
mRNA-1273 |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 3 | Healthy adults with no known history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 99 centers in the US | N=30415 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04368728 Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma Frenck R, N Engl J Med, 2021 Full text Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
BNT162b2 |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 3 | Adolescents aged 12 to 15 years with no previous Covid-19 diagnosis or SARS-CoV-2 infection in 29 centers in the USA | N=2264 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04885907 ModernaTX Hall VG, N Engl J Med, 2021 Full text Commentary Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
mRNA-1273 |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 4 | Solid organ transplant recipients with no previous diagnosis of COVID-19 who has previously received two doses of mRNA-1273 at a single center in Canada | N=120 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04652102; EudraCT 2020-003998-22 CureVac AG Kremsner P, SSRN, 2021 HERALD Full text Commentary Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
CVnCoV |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 2-3 | Adults with no history of COVID-19 in 47 centers in Belgium, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain, Argentina, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Panama and Peru | N=39529 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
ChiCTR2000034825 ; NCT04523571 BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals Li J, Nature Medicine, 2021 Full text Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
BNT162b1 10 mcg |
BNT162b1 10 mcg |
RCTPhase 1 | Healthy young adults between 18 and 55 years of age, and older adults between 65 and 85 that were SARS-COVID-2 infection-free at a single center in China. | N=144 |
Low Details |
|
|
ISRCTN69254139, EudraCT: 2020-005085-33 AstraZeneca+University of Oxford; Pfizer/BioNTech+Fosun Pharma Liu X, Lancet, 2021 Com-COV Full text Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
ChAd/BNT BNT/ChAd |
ChAd/ChAd BNT/BNT |
RCTPhase 2 | Adults 50 years or older with no previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, no or well-controlled mild-moderate comorbidities and HIV-negative in 8 centers in the UK | N=463 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04480957 Arcturus Therapeutics Inc. Low J, medRxiv, 2021 Full text Commentary Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
ARCT-021 1mcg ARCT-021 5mcg ARCT-021 7.5mcg ARCT-021 10mcg |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 1 | Healthy HIV-negative adults at a single Center in Singapore. | N=42 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04480957 Arcturus Therapeutics Inc. Low J, medRxiv, 2021 Full text Commentary Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
ARCT-021 3mcg ARCT-021 5mcg |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 2 | Healthy HIV-negative adults at a single Center in Singapore. | N=64 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04368728 Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma Polack F, N Engl J Med, 2020 Full text Commentary ; Commentary ; Commentary ; Commentary ; Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
BNT162b2 |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 2/3 | Healthy SARS-CoV-2 DNA negative adults in multiple centres in Argentina, Brazil, Germany, South Africa, Turkey, and the USA | N=43448 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04368728 Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma Thomas S, N Engl J Med, 2021 Full text Commentary Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
BNT162b2 |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 2-3 | Children (>=12Y yo), adolescentes and adults, with no history or SARS-CoV 2 infection at 152 sites in Argentina, Brazil, Germany, South Africa, Turkey and USA | N=44165 |
Some concerns Details |
|
|
NCT04368728 Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma Walsh E, N Engl J Med, 2020 Full text Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
BNT162b1 10 mcg D1/21 BNT162b1 20 mcg D1/21 BNT162b1 BNT162b1 100 mcg D1/21 BNT162b2 10 mcg D1/21 BNT162b2 20 mcg D1/21 BNT162b2 |
BNT162b1 |
RCTPhase 1 | Healthy SARS-CoV-2 serology/DNA negative adults in four centres in USA | N=195 |
Low Details |
|
|
NCT04523571 ; ChiCTR Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma Zhu F, ResearchSquare, 2021 Full text Commentary ; Commentary |
RNA based vaccine |
BNT126b1 10 mcg/0.5 ml 2- BNT126b1 |
Placebo |
RCTPhase 1 | Healthy SARS-CoV-2 infection-free adults aged 18-55 and 65-85 at a single center in China | N=144 |
Some concerns Details |
|