Covid-19 living Data

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness
(Randomized evidence)

Methods

Protocol

Analyses are updated every two weeks

meta-COVID

Perform your own analysis using COVID-NMA data, create and download your forest plots by clicking below:

Vaccine types

Vaccine efficacy and safety for vaccine vs placebo / no vaccine (forest plots)

Vaccine efficacy and safety for vaccine vs vaccine (forest plots)

Vaccine efficacy and safety against variants of concern (forest plots)

Vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of heterologous vs homologous vaccination (tables)

Immunogenicity
Geometric mean titre specific antibodies

Reference	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up days	Participants	GMT1(N1)	GMT2(N2)	GMR [95% CI]	Evaluated by	Risk of bias
									A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Janssen C, 2021	1 dose BNT162b2/1 dose mRNA-1273	2 doses BNT162b2	28	Adults	3,706 (96)	2,698 (94)	1.37 [1.10, 1.72]	Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA - (BAU)/mL
Janssen C, 2021	1 dose mRNA-1273 /1 dose BNT162b2	2 doses mRNA-1273	28	Adults	2,690 (103)	3,995 (97)	0.67 [0.55, 0.82]	Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA - (BAU)/mL
Liu X, 2021	1 dose ChAdOx1/ 1 dose BNT162b2	2 doses ChAdOx1	28	Adults	12,995 (108)	1,387 (105)	9.3 [7.7, 11]	SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG, ELISA -ELU/mL
Liu X, 2021	1 dose BNT162b2 /1 dose ChAdOx1	2 doses BNT162b2	28	Adults	7,133 (109)	13,938 (110)	0.51 [0.41, 0.6]	SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG, ELISA -ELU/mL
Li J, 2022	1 dose CoronaVac / 1 dose Ad5-vectored	2 doses CoronaVac	14	Healthy adults	942 (51)	154 (50)	NR	RBD-specific IgG ELISA

N1: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 1; N2: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 2; GMT1: Geometric mean titre for intervention 1; GMT2: Geometric mean titre for intervention 2

Geometric mean titre neutralizing antibodies

Reference	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up days	Participants	GMT1(N1)	GMT2(N2)	GMR [95% CI]	Evaluated by	Risk of bias
									A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Janssen C, 2021	1 dose BNT162b2/1 dose mRNA-1273	2 doses BNT162b2	28	Adults	523 (96)	396 (94)	NR	CPE-based VNT virus neutralization test-Vero cells - (BAU)/mL
Liu X, 2021	1 dose ChAdOx1/ 1 dose BNT162b2	2 doses ChAdOx1	28	Adults	515 (101)	61 (101)	8.5 [6.5, 11]	Pseudotype virus neutralising antibody, NT50
Liu X, 2021	1 dose BNT162b2 /1 dose ChAdOx1	2 doses BNT162b2	28	Adults	383 (104)	574 (102)	0.67 [0.51, 0.88]	Pseudotype virus neutralising antibody, NT50
Li J, 2022	1 dose CoronaVac / 1 dose Ad5-vectored	2 doses CoronaVac	14	Healthy adults	54 (51)	13 (50)	4.3 [2.5, 7.3]	CPE-based microneutralization assay-wild-type

N1: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 1; N2: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 2; GMT1: Geometric mean titre for intervention 1; GMT2: Geometric mean titre for intervention 2

Safety
Serious adverse events

Reference	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up months	Participants	r1/N1	r2/N2	RR [95% CI]	Risk of bias
								A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Stuart A, 2021 a	1 dose ChAdOx1 followed by 1 dose NVX-CoV2373	2 doses ChAdOx1	NR	Older adults	1 / 179	3 / 180	0.34 [0.04 - 3.19]
Stuart A, 2021 a	1 dose ChAdOx1 followed by 1 dose mRNA-1273	2 doses ChAdOx1	NR	Older adults	3 / 181	3 / 180	0.99 [0.2 - 4.86]
Stuart A, 2021 b	1 dose BNT162b2 followed by 1 dose NVX-CoV2373	2 doses BNT162b2	NR	Older adults	3 / 180	2 / 175	1.46 [0.25 - 8.62]
Stuart A, 2021 b	1 dose BNT162b2 followed by 1 dose mRNA-1273	2 doses BNT162b2	NR	Older adults	3 / 177	2 / 175	1.48 [0.25 - 8.77]
Janssen C, 2021	1 dose BNT162b2/1 dose mRNA-1273	2 doses BNT162b2	0.9	Adults	0 / 102	0 / 101	NR
Janssen C, 2021	1 dose mRNA-1273 /1 dose BNT162b2	2 doses mRNA-1273	0.9	Adults	0 / 106	0 / 105	NR
Liu X, 2021	1 dose ChAdOx1/ 1 dose BNT162b2	2 doses ChAdOx1	NR	Adults	0 / 114	1 / 115	0.34 [0.01 - 8.17]
Liu X, 2021	1 dose BNT162b2 /1 dose ChAdOx1	2 doses BNT162b2	NR	Adults	0 / 115	0 / 119	NR
Macchia A, 2022	Gam-COVID-Vac rAd26-S	Gam-COVID-Vac rAd26-S/BBIBP-CorV	1	Adults	0 / 87	0 / 65	NR
Li J, 2022	1 dose CoronaVac / 1 dose Ad5-vectored	2 doses CoronaVac	1	Healthy adults	0 / 51	0 / 50	NR

r1: Number of events in intervention 1, r2: Number of events in intervention 2, N1: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 1; N2: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 2.

Vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of booster vs no booster (tables)

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up months	Participants	r1/N1	r2/N2	Vaccine efficacy [95% CI]	Risk of bias
	A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Toledo-Romani ME, 2021	Protein subunit	FINLAY-FR-2-25 mcg	Boost FINLAY-FR-1-50 mcg	Placebo	1.7	Adults	0 / 13883	6 / 14303	100.0 [, ]

Efficacy
Severe or critical COVID-19 after complete vaccination
Confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 after complete vaccination

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up months	Participants	r1/N1	r2/N2	VE [95% CI]
	A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Toledo-Romani ME, 2021	Protein subunit	FINLAY-FR-2-25 mcg	Boost FINLAY-FR-1-50 mcg	Placebo	1.7	Adults	15 / 13883	155 / 14303	92.4 [86.9, 95.6]
Moreira E D, 2022	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost BNT162b2	Placebo	2.5	Adults and adolescents	6 / 4695	123 / 4671	95.3 [89.5, 98.3]

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up days	Participants	GMT1(N1)	GMT2(N2)	GMR [95% CI]	Evaluated by
	A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Vadrevu KM, 2022	Inactivated virus	BBV152	Boost BBV152	Placebo	28	Adolescents and adults	11,119 (80)	7,109 (87)	NR	ELISA
Hall VG, 2021	RNA based vaccine	mRNA-1273	Boost mRNA-1273	Placebo	28	Transplant recipients	3,145 (60)	86 (57)	36.5 [ 12.9, 94]	Roche Elecsys

Immunogenicity
Geometric mean titre specific antibodies
Geometric mean titre neutralizing antibodies

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up days	Participants	GMT1(N1)	GMT2(N2)	GMR [95% CI]	Evaluated by	Risk of bias
											A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Munro A, 2021 e	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost mRNA1273	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	2,368 (97)	80 (101)	26.98 [21.88, 33.26]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 e	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost CVnCov	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	373 (99)	80 (101)	5.06 [4.11, 6.23]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 e	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost BNT162b2 half dose	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1,344 (103)	80 (101)	15.14 [12.32, 18.60]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 f	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost mRNA1273	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	2,019 (91)	175 (98)	12.04 [9.95, 14.58]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 f	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost CVnCov	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	487 (91)	175 (98)	2.57 [2.13, 3.12]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 f	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost BNT162b2 half dose	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1,339 (92)	175 (98)	6.91 [5.70, 8.37]	PNA
Munro A , 2021 a	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost ChadOx1	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	193 (98)	85 (90)	2.47 [1.96, 3.11]	PNA
Munro A , 2021 a	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost Novavax	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	727 (87)	85 (90)	8.86 [7.00, 11.22]	PNA
Munro A , 2021 a	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost Novavax half dose	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	470 (86)	85 (90)	5.89 [4.64, 7.46]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 b	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost ChadOx1	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	950 (98)	157 (111)	6.01 [4.87, 7.41]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 b	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost Novavax	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	766 (94)	157 (111)	5.39 [4.35, 6.67]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 b	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost Novavax half dose	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	606 (89)	157 (111)	3.50 [2.81, 4.36]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 c	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost BNT162b2	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1,621 (93)	70 (91)	21.58 [16.93, 27.51]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 c	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost VLA2001	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	202 (89)	70 (91)	2.68 [2.10, 3.43]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 c	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost VLA2001 half dose	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	147 (95)	70 (91)	2.01 [1.57, 2.55]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 c	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	563 (95)	70 (91)	6.85 [5.37, 8.73]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 d	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost BNT162b2	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1,789 (95)	205 (93)	8.35 [6.88, 10.14]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 d	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost VLA2001	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	289 (91)	205 (93)	1.38 [1.14, 1.68]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 d	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost VLA2001 half dose	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	234 (87)	205 (93)	1.22 [1.00, 1.49]	PNA
Munro A, 2021 d	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Placebo	28	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1,441 (75)	205 (93)	7.84 [6.37, 9.64]	PNA
Vadrevu KM, 2022	Inactivated virus	BBV152	Boost BBV152	Placebo	28	Adolescents and adults	746 (80)	101 (87)	NR	PRNT

Number of patients analyzed in intervention 1; N2: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 2; GMT1: Geometric mean titre for intervention 1; GMT2: Geometric mean titre for intervention 2; N1GMR: Geometric mean ratio

Safety
Serious adverse events

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up months	Participants	r1/N1	r2/N2	RR [95% CI]	Risk of bias
										A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Munro A, 2021 e	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost mRNA1273	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1 / 112	0 / 114	3.05 [0.13 - 74.16]
Munro A, 2021 e	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost CVnCov	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 119	0 / 114	NR
Munro A, 2021 e	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost BNT162b2 half dose	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 116	0 / 114	NR
Munro A, 2021 f	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost mRNA1273	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 110	0 / 112	NR
Munro A, 2021 f	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost CVnCov	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1 / 106	0 / 112	3.17 [0.13 - 76.94]
Munro A, 2021 f	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost BNT162b2 half dose	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 110	0 / 112	NR
Munro A , 2021 a	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost ChadOx1	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1 / 111	0 / 109	2.95 [0.12 - 71.54]
Munro A , 2021 a	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost Novavax	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 115	0 / 109	NR
Munro A , 2021 a	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost Novavax half dose	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 108	0 / 109	NR
Munro A, 2021 b	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost ChadOx1	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 109	1 / 118	0.36 [0.01 - 8.76]
Munro A, 2021 b	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost Novavax	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1 / 114	1 / 118	1.04 [0.07 - 16.35]
Munro A, 2021 b	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost Novavax half dose	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	2 / 112	1 / 118	2.11 [0.19 - 22.91]
Munro A, 2021 c	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost BNT162b2	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 106	1 / 105	0.33 [0.01 - 8.01]
Munro A, 2021 c	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost VLA2001	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	3 / 109	1 / 105	2.89 [0.31 - 27.34]
Munro A, 2021 c	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost VLA2001 half dose	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 111	1 / 105	0.32 [0.01 - 7.66]
Munro A, 2021 c	Non replicating viral vector	ChadOx1	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1 / 108	1 / 105	0.97 [0.06 - 15.34]
Munro A, 2021 d	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost BNT162b2	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1 / 109	0 / 109	3 [0.12 - 72.84]
Munro A, 2021 d	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost VLA2001	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 110	0 / 109	NR
Munro A, 2021 d	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost VLA2001 half dose	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	1 / 110	0 / 109	2.97 [0.12 - 72.18]
Munro A, 2021 d	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Placebo	2.7	Adults, elderly, health care workers	0 / 106	0 / 109	NR
Vadrevu KM, 2022	Inactivated virus	BBV152	Boost BBV152	Placebo	1	Adolescents and adults	0 / 80	0 / 87	NR
Moreira E D, 2022	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost BNT162b2	Placebo	2.5	Adults and adolescents	16 / 5055	24 / 5020	0.66 [0.35 - 1.24]

r1: Number of events in intervention 1, r2: Number of events in intervention 2, N1: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 1; N2: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 2.

All-cause mortality

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up months	Participants	r1/N1	r2/N2	RR [95% CI]
	A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Vadrevu KM, 2022	Inactivated virus	BBV152	Boost BBV152	Placebo	1	Adolescents and adults	0 / 80	0 / 87	NR
Toledo-Romani ME, 2021	Protein subunit	FINLAY-FR-2-25 mcg	Boost FINLAY-FR-1-50 mcg	Placebo	5.2	Adults	11 / 13883	24 / 14303	0.47 [0.23 - 0.96]
Moreira E D, 2022	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost BNT162b2	Placebo	2.5	Adults and adolescents	0 / 5055	1 / 5020	0.33 [0.01 - 8.12]

Vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of booster VS booster (tables)

Immunogenicity
Geometric mean titre specific antibodies

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up days	Participants	GMT Boost1 (N1)	GMT Boost2 (N2)	GMR [95% CI]	Evaluated by	Risk of bias
											A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Li JX, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost Ad5-vectored high dose	Boost CoronaVac	14	Healthy adults	6,175 (140)	670 (140)	NR	ELISA
Li JX, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost Ad5-vectored low dose	Boost CoronaVac	14	Healthy adults	4,625 (140)	670 (140)	NR	ELISA
Costa Clemens SA, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost BNT162b2	Boost CoronaVac	28	Healthy adults	674,267 (333)	48,405 (281)	13.4 [11.6, 15.3]	multiplex immunoassay
Costa Clemens SA, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost ChAdOx1	Boost CoronaVac	28	Healthy adults	335,213 (296)	48,405 (281)	7.0 [6.1, 8.1]	multiplex immunoassay
Costa Clemens SA, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost AD26.COV2-S	Boost CoronaVac	28	Healthy adults	336,851 (294)	48,405 (281)	6.7 [5.8, 7.7]	multiplex immunoassay
Al Kaabi N, 2022	Inactivated virus	BBIBP-CorV	Boost NVSI-06-07	Boost BBIBP-CorV	14	Adults	4,781 (267)	302 (270)	15.82 [13.44, 18.61]	ELISA
Sablerolles R, 2022	Non replicating viral vector	Ad26.COV2.S	Boost m-RNA-1273	Boost BNT162b2	28	Healthcare workers	4,379 (112)	2,671 (111)	NR	Liaison SARS CoV-2 TrimericS IgG
Sablerolles R, 2022	Non replicating viral vector	Ad26.COV2.S	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Boost m-RNA-1273	28	Healthcare workers	403 (106)	4,379 (112)	NR	Liaison SARS CoV-2 TrimericS IgG
Sablerolles R, 2022	Non replicating viral vector	Ad26.COV2.S	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Boost BNT162b2	28	Healthcare workers	403 (106)	2,671 (111)	NR	Liaison SARS CoV-2 TrimericS IgG
Cao Y, 2021	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost ZF2001	Boost CoronaVac	14	Healthcare workers	10,417 (81)	7,496 (40)	NR	ELISA
Toledo-Romani ME, 2021	Protein subunit	FR-1-50 mcg	Boost FINLAY-FR-2	Boost FR-1	14	Healthy adults	72 (51)	99 (58)	NR	ELISA
Li J, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost Ad5-vectored	Boost Coronavac	14	Healthy adults	3,090 (96)	369 (102)	NR	RBD-specific IgG ELISA
Nanthapisal S, 2022	Inactivated virus	2 doses of CoronaVac 21-28 days apart	Boost ChAdOx1-S standard dose	Boost ChAdOx1-S low-dose	14	Healthy adults	1,975 (209)	1,664 (209)	NR	ELISA

Geometric mean titre neutralizing antibodies

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up days	Participants	GMT Boost1 (N1)	GMT Boost2 (N2)	GMR [95% CI]	Evaluated by	Risk of bias
											A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Li JX, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost Ad5-vectored high dose	Boost CoronaVac	14	Healthy adults	714 (140)	79 (140)	NR	CPE-based microneutralisation
Li JX, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost Ad5-vectored low dose	Boost CoronaVac	14	Healthy adults	744 (140)	79 (140)	NR	CPE-based microneutralisation
Costa Clemens SA, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost BNT162b2	Boost CoronaVac	28	Healthy adults	4,326 (49)	211 (46)	21.5 [14.5, 31.9]	Pseudovirus neutralisation titres
Costa Clemens SA, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost ChAdOx1	Boost CoronaVac	28	Healthy adults	2,137 (52)	211 (46)	10.6 [7.2, 15.6]	Pseudovirus neutralisation titres
Costa Clemens SA, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost AD26.COV2-S	Boost CoronaVac	28	Healthy adults	1,844 (47)	211 (46)	8.7 [5.9, 12.9]	Pseudovirus neutralisation titres
Al Kaabi N, 2022	Inactivated virus	BBIBP-CorV	Boost NVSI-06-07	Boost BBIBP-CorV	14	Adults	1,335 (267)	296 (270)	4.36 [3.70, 5.13]	live-virus neutralization
Mok C K P, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost CoronaVac	Boost BNT162b2	30	Adults	17 (40)	207 (40)	NR	PRNT90
Sablerolles R, 2022	Non replicating viral vector	Ad26.COV2.S	Boost m-RNA-1273	Boost BNT162b2	28	Healthcare workers	2,007 (54)	1,446 (53)	NR	PRNT
Sablerolles R, 2022	Non replicating viral vector	Ad26.COV2.S	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Boost m-RNA-1273	28	Healthcare workers	235 (50)	2,007 (54)	NR	PRNT
Sablerolles R, 2022	Non replicating viral vector	Ad26.COV2.S	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Boost BNT162b2	28	Healthcare workers	235 (50)	1,446 (53)	NR	PRNT
Cao Y, 2021	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost ZF2001	Boost CoronaVac	14	Healthcare workers	1,306 (81)	794 (40)	NR	CPE
Toledo-Romani ME, 2021	Protein subunit	FR-1-50 mcg	Boost FINLAY-FR-2	Boost FR-1	28	Healthy adults	33 (51)	43 (55)	NR	Conventional virus neutralization test
Li J, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost Ad5-vectored	Boost Coronavac	14	Healthy adults	197 (96)	34 (102)	5.9 [4.5, 7.7]	Cytopathic effect-based microneutralization assay- wild-type SARS-CoV-2
Nanthapisal S, 2022	Inactivated virus	2 doses of CoronaVac 21-28 days apart	Boost ChAdOx1-S standard dose	Boost ChAdOx1-S low-dose	14	Healthy adults	96 (207)	97 (203)	NR	Surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT)

Safety
Serious adverse events

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up months	Participants	r1/N1	r2/N2	RR [95% CI]	Risk of bias
										A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Reindl-Schwaighofer R, 2021	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273	Boost BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273	Boost Ad26COVS1	1	Kidney transplant recipients	2 / 99	3 / 99	0.67 [0.11 - 3.9]
Li JX, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost Ad5-vectored high dose	Boost CoronaVac	1	Healthy adults	0 / 140	0 / 140	NR
Li JX, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost Ad5-vectored low dose	Boost CoronaVac	1	Healthy adults	0 / 140	0 / 140	NR
Costa Clemens SA, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost BNT162b2	Boost CoronaVac	1	Healthy adults	1 / 339	0 / 291	2.58 [0.11 - 62.99]
Costa Clemens SA, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost ChAdOx1	Boost CoronaVac	1	Healthy adults	1 / 304	0 / 291	2.87 [0.12 - 70.22]
Costa Clemens SA, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost AD26.COV2-S	Boost CoronaVac	1	Healthy adults	3 / 305	0 / 291	6.68 [0.35 - 128.75]
Al Kaabi N, 2022	Inactivated virus	BBIBP-CorV	Boost NVSI-06-07	Boost BBIBP-CorV	1	Adults	2 / 899	2 / 901	1 [0.14 - 7.1]
Intapiboon P, 2021	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	CoronaVac 3mcg D0/14	CoronaVac	1	Healthy adults	0 / 30	0 / 30	NR
Intapiboon P, 2021	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	CoronaVac 3mcg D0/14	CoronaVac	1	Healthy adults	0 / 31	0 / 30	NR
Poh XY, 2022	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2	Boost mRNA-1273	Boost BNT162b2	28	Adults	0 / 48	0 / 50	NR
Sablerolles R, 2022	Non replicating viral vector	Ad26.COV2.S	Boost m-RNA-1273	Boost BNT162b2	1	Healthcare workers	0 / 112	0 / 111	NR
Sablerolles R, 2022	Non replicating viral vector	Ad26.COV2.S	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Boost m-RNA-1273	1	Healthcare workers	0 / 106	0 / 112	NR
Sablerolles R, 2022	Non replicating viral vector	Ad26.COV2.S	Boost Ad26.COV2.S	Boost BNT162b2	1	Healthcare workers	0 / 106	0 / 111	NR
Li J, 2022	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Boost Ad5-vectored	Boost Coronavac	1	Healthy adults	0 / 96	0 / 102	NR

r1: Number of events in intervention 1, r2: Number of events in intervention 2, N1: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 1; N2: Number of patients analyzed in intervention 2.

All-cause mortality

Reference	Type of prime vaccination	Prime schedule	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Follow up months	Participants	r1/N1	r2/N2	RR [95% CI]
	A	B	C	D	E	Overall
Reindl-Schwaighofer R, 2021	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273	Boost BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273	Boost Ad26COVS1	1	Kidney transplant recipients	0 / 99	1 / 99	0.33 [0.01 - 8.08]
Toledo-Romani ME, 2021	Protein subunit	FR-1-50 mcg	Boost FINLAY-FR-2	Boost FR-1	1	Healthy adults	0 / 55	0 / 58	NR

Search studies

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Trial	Type	Comparisons		Design	Participants	Sample size	Overall risk of bias Highest assessment	Full description
		Intervention 1	Intervention 2
NCT04510207, ChiCTR2000034780 Sinopharm-Wuhan Al Kaabi N, JAMA, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	WIBP-CorV	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 3	Healthy adults free of known COVID-19 or HIV infection at 3 centres in United Arab Emirates and Bahrain	N=26941	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT05033847 National Vaccine and Serum Institute, China ; Sinopharm + China National Biotec Group Co + Beijing Institute of Biological Products Al Kaabi N, medRxiv, 2022 Full text Commentary Commentary	Heterologous booster	Boost NVSI-06-07 after prime vaccination BBIBP-CorV	Boost BBIBP-CorV after prime vaccination BBIBP-CorV	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection who had previously received a primary series (two doses) of BBIBP-CorV at a single center in United Arab Emirates	N=1800	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04510207, ChiCTR2000034780 Sinopharm-Beijing Al Kaabi N, JAMA, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	BBIBP-CorV	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 3	Healthy adults free of known COVID-19 or HIV infection at 3 centres in United Arab Emirates and Bahrain	N=26941	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04651790 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Bueno S, Clin Infect Dis, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 3 mcg D0/14	Adjuvant D0/14	RCT Phase 3	Adult healthcare workers with no history of confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection who were in contact with possible or confirmed cases of COVID-19 in 8 sites in Chile.	N=434	Some concerns Details	Full description
ChiCTR2100051998 Sinovac Research and Development Co. Ltd.; Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical + Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Cao Y, Cell Res, 2021 Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac + Booster ZF2001	CoronaVac/Boost CoronaVac	RCT Phase 2	Healthcare professionals with no previous confirmed COVID-19 at a single center in China who had received two doses of CoronaVac in a 28-day interval 4–8 months earlier	N=164	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04412538 Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS). Che Y, Clin Infect Dis, 2020 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	KMS-1 SARS-CoV-2 inactivated virus vaccine - medium dose (100 EU) x 2 doses on day 0/14 KMS-1 SARS-CoV-2 inactivated virus vaccine - high dose (150 EU) x 2 doses on day 0/14 KMS-1 SARS-CoV-2 inactivated virus vaccine - medium dose (100 EU) x 2 doses on day 0/14 KMS-1 SARS-CoV-2 inactivated virus vaccine - high dose (150 EU) x 2 doses on day 0/14	aluminum hydroxide adjuvant in saline buffer	RCT Phase 2	Healthy SARS-CoV-2 serology/DNA negative adults in two centres in China	N=750	Some concerns Details	Full description
RBR–9nn3scw AstraZeneca+University of Oxford/Sinovac/Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies/Pfizer/BioNTech+Fosun Pharma Costa Clemens SA, Lancet, 2022 Full text Commentary Commentary	Non replicating viral vector	CoronaVac/Boost BNT162b2 CoronaVac/Boost ChAdOx1 CoronaVac/Boost AD26.COV2-S	CoronaVac/Boost CoronaVac	RCT Phase 4	Healthy adults with no history of confirmed covid-19 who had previously received 2 doses of CoronaVac at two centers in Brazil	N=1240	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04641481 Bharat Biotech Ella R, Lancet, 2021 (b) Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	BBV152	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 3	Adults with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection who were healthy or had stable chronic medical conditions at 25 centers in India	N=25798	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04471519 Bharat Biotech Ella R, Lancet Infect Dis, 2021 (b) Full text Commentary ; Commentary	Inactivated virus	BBV152 6mcg + Algel-IMDG D0/28	BBV152 3mcg + Algel-IMDG D0/28	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults (<65 yo) and children (≥12 yo)volunteers, SARS-CoV-2 infection-free in 9 centres in India	N=380	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04471519 Bharat Biotech Ella R, Lancet Infect Dis, 2021 (a) Updated Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	2 dose 3mcg BBV152 nCoV-19 vaccine + Algel-IMDG adjuvant, Days 0/14, 0.5mL 2 dose 6mcg BBV152 nCoV-19 vaccine + Algel-IMDG adjuvant, Days 0/14, 0.5mL 2 dose 6mcg BBV152 nCoV-19 vaccine + Algel adjuvant, Days 0/14, 0.5mL	Adjuvant (Algel)	RCT Phase 1	Healthy SARS-CoV-2 serology/PCR negative adults in 11 centres in India	N=375	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04508075 ; INA-WXFM0YX Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Fadlyana E, Vaccine, 2021 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Placebo	RCT Phase 3	Healthy adults aged 18 - 59 years, seropositive and seronegative, at a single center in Indonesia	N=1620	Some concerns Details	Full description
ChiCTR2100041705, ChiCTR2100041706 Sinopharm-Beijing Feng Y, Infect. Dis. Poverty, 2021 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	BBIBP-CorV 0-14D BBIBP-CorV 0-21D	BBIBP-CorV 0-28D	RCT 4	Healthy adults from high-risk occupational population at a single center in China	N=809	Some concerns Details	Full description
ChiCTR2000031809 Sinopharm-Wuhan Guo W, EClinicalMedicine, 2021 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	WIBP-CorV 5 mcg D0/21	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 1-2	Healthy adults with no history of COVID-19 at 5 centers in China.	N=1120	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04551547 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Han B, SSRN, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 1.5 mcg D0/28 CoronaVac 6 mcg D0/14	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 1/2	Healthy children and adolescents aged 3-17 years with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a single centre in China.	N=552	Low Details	Full description
NCT05046548 Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS Ishmukhametov AA, medRxiv, 2022 Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoviVac D0/D14	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 1-2	Adults aged 18-60 without immunosuppression, seronegative and seropositive, at 3 centers in the Russian Federation	N=400	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04530357 Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Rep of Kazakhstan Khairullin B, SSRN, 2022 Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	QazCovid-in 5mcg D0/D21	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 3	Healthy adults or those with chronic diseases, with no known or suspected history of COVID-19 at 3 centers in Kazakhstan	N=3000	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04671017; ISRCTN 82411169 Valneva Austria GmbH + National Institute for Health Research, UK Lazarus R, medRxiv, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	VL A2001 3AU VL A2001 3AU	VL A2001 35AU VL A2001 7AU	RCT Phase 1-2	Healthy adult volunteers aged 18-55 at 4 centers in the UK	N=153	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04892459 Sinovac Research and Development Co Ltd+CanSino Biological Inc / Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Li J, Nat. Med., 2022 () Full text Commentary	Non replicating viral vector	1 dose CoronaVac / 1 dose Ad5-vectored	2 doses CoronaVac	RCT Phase 4	Healthy adults with no previous clinical or virologic COVID-19 diagnosis or SARS-CoV-2 infection at one centre in China	N=100	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04892459 Sinovac Research and Development Co Ltd + CanSino Biological Inc /Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Li J, Nat. Med., 2022 () Full text Commentary	Non replicating viral vector	CoronaVac/boost Ad5-vectored 5×10^10 vp	CoronaVac/boost	RCT Phase 4	Healthy adults with no previous clinical or virologic COVID-19 diagnosis or SARS-CoV-2 infection at one centre in China	N=200	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT05043259 CanSino Biological Inc./Beijing Institute of Biotechnology / Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Li JX, SSRN, 2022 Full text Commentary Commentary	Heterologous booster	CoronaVac/Boost high-dose aerosolized Ad5-nCoV CoronaVac/Boost low-dose aerosolized Ad5-nCoV	CoronaVac/Boost CoronaVac	RCT Phase 1-2	Healthy adults without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection who completed two-dose priming with CoronaVac in the past 3-9 months at a single center in China	N=420	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04383574 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Li M, medRxiv, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 3 mcg	Placebo	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults aged ≥60 years with no known history of COVID-19 or recent exposure in a single center in China.	N=350	Some concerns Details	Full description
ChiCTR2000039462 Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co. Ltd.; Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Liu J, J Infect Dis, 2021 Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	KCONVAC 10mcg D0/28/56 KCONVAC 5mcg D0/28/56	Placebo	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults aged 18-59 and ≥60 with no history of COVID-19 and seronegative at a single center in China	N=500	Low Details	Full description
NCT04962906; NCT05027672 Gamaleya Research Institute, AstraZeneca+University of Oxford;Moderna;Sinopharm Macchia A, Lancet Reg Health Am, 2022 Full text Commentary	Non replicating viral vector	Gam-COVID-Vac rAd26-S	Gam-COVID-Vac rAd26-S/BBIBP-CorV	RCT Phase 2	Adults who had received the first dose (rAd26) of the Sputnik V vaccine at least 30 days earlier and no history of SARS-CoV-2 at a single centre in Argentina	N=540	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04611243 Sinovac/Pfizer/BioNTech+Fosun Pharma Mok C K P, Am. J. Respir. Crit., 2022 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac/Boost CoronaVac	CoronaVac/Boost BNT162b2	RCT *	Adults that had received two doses of CoronaVac but had low immune response against SARS-CoV-2 at two centres in Hong Kong, China	N=80	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04456595 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Palacios R, SSRN, 2021 () PROFISCOV Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 3mcg D0/14	Adjuvant D0/14	RCT Phase 3	Healthcare professionals with or without previous COVID-19 infection caring for COVID-19 patients at 16 centers in Brazil.	N=12408	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04352608 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Pan H, medRxiv, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 3mcg D0/14/42 CoronaVac 6mcg D0/14/42	Placebo	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults 18-59 years that were SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibody free at a single centre in China	N=150	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04352608 Sinovac Research and Development Co Ltd Pan H , medRxiv, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 3mcg 0/28/208 CoronaVac 6mcg 0/28/208	Placebo	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults 18-59 years that were SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibody free at a single centre in China	N=150	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04352608 Sinovac Research and Development Co Ltd Pan H , medRxiv, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 3mcg 0/14/194 CoronaVac 6mcg 0/14/194	Placebo	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults 18-59 years that were SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibody free at a single centre in China	N=150	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04352608 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Pan H , medRxiv, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 3mcg 0/28/56 CoronaVac 6mcg 0/28/56	Placebo	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults 18-59 years that were SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibody free at a single centre in China	N=150	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04758273, ChiCTR2000038804 Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products and Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Pan HX, Chin Med J, 2021 (a) Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	KCONVAC 5mcg D0/14	KCONVAC 10mcg D0/14	RCT Phase 1	Healthy adult volunteers with no history of COVID-19 and HIV- and SARS-CoV-2 infection-free in a single centre in China.	N=60	Low Details	Full description
NCT04756323, ChiCTR2000039462 Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products and Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Pan HX, Chin Med J, 2021 (b) Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	5mcg KCONVAC D0/14 5mcg KCONVAC D0/14 5mcg KCONVAC D0/28 5mcg KCONVAC D0/28 5mcg KCONVAC D0/14 10mcg KCONVAC D0/14	10mcg KCONVAC D0/14 5mcg KCONVAC D0/14 10mcg KCONVAC D0/28 Placebo Placebo Placebo	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adult volunteers with no history of COVID-19 and HIV- and SARS-CoV-2 infection-free in a single centre in China.	N=500	Low Details	Full description
NCT04764422 The Government Pharmaceutical Organization (GPO); PATH; Dynavax Pitisuttithum P, medRxiv, 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	NDV-HXP-S 1mcg NDV-HXP-S 1mcg + CpG1018 NDV-HXP-S 3mcg NDV-HXP-S 3mcg + CpG1018 NDV-HXP-S 10mcg NDV-HXP-S 1mcg	Placebo	RCT Phase 1	Healthy adults without immunosuppression negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at a single center in Thailand	N=210	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04412538 The Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAM Pu J, Vaccine, 2021 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	2 IM doses of 100 EU SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine (medium dose), on day 0,14 2 IM doses of 100 EU SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine (medium dose), on day 0, 28	2 IM doses of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant in saline buffer, on day 0, 14	RCT Phase 1	Healthy adults aged 18 to 59 years, SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid or antibodies negative in a single centre in China	N=192	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04582344 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Tanriover M, Lancet , 2021 () Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 3	Healthy healthcare workers and adults aged 18–59 years with no history of COVID-19 from 24 centres in Turkey	N=10218	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04471519 Bharat Biotech Vadrevu KM, medRxiv, 2022 Full text Commentary Commentary	Inactivated virus	Boost BBV152 after prime vaccination BBV152 6mcg D0/28	Placebo after prime vaccination BBV152 6mcg D0/28	RCT Phase 2	Adolescents and adults aged 12-64 years with no history of confirmed COVID-19, who had received a 2-dose schedule of the same vaccine 6 months previously at 9 centers in India.	N=184	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04383574 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Wu Z, Lancet Infect Dis, 2021 () Full text Commentary ; Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac, 1.5mcg virus material inactivated SARS-CoV-2 whole virion vaccine, day 0/28 CoronaVac, 3mcg virus material inactivated SARS-CoV-2 whole virion vaccine, day 0/28 CoronaVac, 6mcg virus material inactivated SARS-CoV-2 whole virion vaccine, day 0/28	Adjuvant (Aluminum hydroxide)	RCT Phase 1/2	Healthy adults aged 60 years and older with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a single centre in China	N=422	Some concerns Details	Full description
ChiCTR2000031809 Sinopharm-Wuhan Xia S, JAMA, 2020 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	WIBP-CorV 2.5mcg-D0/28/56 WIBP-CorV 5mcg-D0/28/56 WIBP-CorV 10mcg-D0/28/56	Placebo	RCT Phase 1	Healthy adults, aged 18 to 59 years, without history ofSARS-CoV(via on-site inquiry) or SARS-CoV-2 infection (via serologicaland nucleic acid test	N=96	Low Details	Full description
ChiCTR2000032459 Sinopharm-Beijing Xia S, Lancet Infect Dis, 2020 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	BBIBP 2mcg BBIBP 4mcg BBIBP 8mcg	Placebo	RCT Phase 1	Healthy adults SARS-CoV-2 serology negative adults in a single centre in China	N=192	Low Details	Full description
ChiCTR2000032459 Sinopharm-Beijing Xia S , Lancet, 2021 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	BBIBP-CorV 2 mcg BBIBP-CorV	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 1-2	Healthy children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years free from SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibodies at a single centre in China	N=1008	Low Details	Full description
ChiCTR2000032459 Sinopharm-Beijing Xia S, Lancet Infect Dis, 2020 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	BBIBP-CorV 8mcg Day 0 BBIBP-CorV 4mcg D0/14 BBIBP-CorV 4mcg D0/21 BBIBP-CorV 4mcg D0/28	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 2	Healthy SARS-CoV-2 serology negative adults 18-59 years old in a single centre in China	N=448	Some concerns Details	Full description
ChiCTR2000031809 Sinopharm-Wuhan Xia S, JAMA, 2020 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	WIBP-CorV 5mcg-D0/21	Placebo	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults, aged 18 to 59 years, without history ofSARS-CoV(via on-site inquiry) or SARS-CoV-2 infection (via serologicaland nucleic acid test	N=224	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04530357 Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Rep of Kazakhstan Zakarya K, EClinicalMedicine, 2021 (a) Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	QazCovid-in	Placebo	RCT Phase 1	Healthy adults with no history of COVID-19 that tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 and HIV virus at a single centre in Kazakhstan.	N=44	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04530357 Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Rep of Kazakhstan Zakarya K , EClinicalMedicine, 2021 () Full text Commentary	Inactivated virus	QazCovid-in	QazCovid-in D1	RCT Phase 2	Healthy adults with no history of COVID-19 that tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 and HIV virus at a single centre in Kazakhstan.	N=200	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04352608 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Zhang Y, Lancet Infect Dis, 2020 () Full text Commentary ; Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 3 mcg D0/14 CoronaVac 6 mcg D0/14 CoronaVac 3 mcg D0/28 CoronaVac 6 mcg D0/28	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 2	Healthy SARS-CoV-2 serology/DNA negative adults in a single centre in China	N=600	Some concerns Details	Full description
NCT04352608 Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Zhang Y, Lancet Infect Dis, 2020 () Full text Commentary ; Commentary	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac 6 mcg D0/28 CoronaVac 3 mcg D0/28 CoronaVac 6 mcg D0/14 CoronaVac 3 mcg D0/14	Adjuvant	RCT Phase 1	Healthy SARS-CoV-2 serology/DNA negative adults in a single centre in China	N=144	Some concerns Details	Full description

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness(Randomized evidence)

Methods

meta-COVID

Vaccine types

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COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness
(Randomized evidence)