COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness
(Randomized evidence)

Methods

Protocol

Results of booster studies are available in the tables below and are updated on a daily basis.

As of December 14, 2022, the COVID-NMA revised its protocol and discontinued the inclusion of prime vaccination trials in its analysis. The analysis presented on this page for prime vaccines compared to placebo or other vaccines includes trials that were identified and included up to December 14, 2022. A list of studies that were eligible up to this date but not extracted is provided in detail here .

On December 7, 2022, we published results of the systematic review "Efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccines" which included 41 preprints and published trials of 12 different COVID-19 used as prime vaccination and that were published before 5 November 2021.

meta-COVID

Perform your own analysis using COVID-NMA data, create and download your forest plots by clicking below:

go to metacovid

Vaccine types

Vaccine efficacy and safety for vaccine vs placebo / no vaccine (forest plots)

Vaccine efficacy and safety for vaccine vs vaccine (forest plots)

Vaccine efficacy and safety against variants of concern (forest plots)

Vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of heterologous vs homologous vaccination (tables)

Vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of booster vs no booster (tables)

Vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of booster VS booster (tables)

Search studies

Search by Vaccine name Author Registration number
Trial Type Comparisons Design Participants Sample size Overall risk
of bias
Highest assessment
Full description
Intervention 1 Intervention 2
CTRI/2021/01/030416
Zydus Cadila
Khobragade A, Lancet , 2022

Full text
Commentary
DNA based vaccine

ZyCoV-D 2mg D0/28/56

Placebo

RCT
Phase 3
Healthy adults and adolescents aged (≥12 years) with no previous history of COVID-19 at 49 centers in India. N= 27703
Some concerns
Details

Full description

NCT04642638
Inovio Pharmaceuticals
Mammen Jr M, medRxiv, 2021

Full text
Commentary
Commentary
DNA based vaccine

INO-4800 1mg

INO-4800 2mg

Placebo 1

Placebo 2

RCT
Phase 2
Healthy adult volunteers SARS-CoV-2 seronegative at high risk of infection at 16 locations in the USA. N= 401
Some concerns
Details

Full description