| Bias | Author's judgement | Support for judgement |
| Randomization |
Some concerns |
Comment: It is unclear whether the allocation was concealed. The only information comes from the trial registry: "Computer-generated sequence of random numbers". |
| Deviations from intervention |
Some concerns |
Comment: Unblinded study.
No participant cross-over reported. No information on administration of any co-intervention of interest, anticoagulants, antivirals, glucorticoids and biologics were reported. Appropriate analysis method was used; participants were analyzed according to their assigned intervention. |
| Missing outcome data |
Low |
Comment: 60 randomized, 58 analyzed. Risk assessed to be "low" for the outcomes:Time to intubation |
| Measurement of the outcome |
Low |
Comment: Objectively measured outcome. Risk assessed to be "low" for the outcomes: Total Intubation Time. |
| Selection of the reported results |
Some concerns |
Comment: Neither the protocol nor the statistical analysis plan was available. Risk assessed to be "some concerns" for the outcomes: Total intubation time. |
| Overall risk of bias |
Some concerns |